After a kidney biopsy, what complication poses the greatest risk to the client?

Following a kidney biopsy, hemorrhage is the complication that poses the greatest risk to the client. The procedure involves the penetration of the kidney tissue, which is highly vascular, meaning there are numerous blood vessels closely associated with it. When the needle is inserted for the biopsy, there is a potential for damaging these blood vessels, leading to bleeding.

Hemorrhage can manifest as renal hematoma, which is a localized collection of blood outside of the blood vessels. In severe cases, this bleeding can be more extensive, leading to significant blood loss that can result in hypovolemic shock and other serious complications. Monitoring vital signs and observing for signs of internal bleeding, such as changes in hemoglobin levels and hematocrit, becomes crucial after the procedure.

While infection, pneumothorax, and acute pain are valid concerns following a kidney biopsy, they do not typically present the same level of immediate threat to life as hemorrhage does. Infection may occur as a result of the procedure, but it is generally less common and can be managed effectively with antibiotics. Pneumothorax is more relevant to lung biopsies and is less likely to occur with kidney biopsies. Acute pain can be expected post-procedure but is usually manageable and less concerning compared