Following a thoracentesis, which complication should the nurse monitor for?

After a thoracentesis, the most critical complication that requires monitoring is a pneumothorax. During this procedure, fluid is removed from the pleural space around the lungs through a needle or catheter, and there is a risk that the lung itself may be punctured. If this occurs, air can enter the pleural space, leading to a pneumothorax, which can severely compromise respiratory function.

Monitoring for symptoms such as sudden chest pain, difficulty breathing, or decreased oxygen saturation is crucial. The nurse should also assess for any signs of respiratory distress and ensure that the patient maintains adequate ventilation. Prompt identification and intervention are essential to manage this potentially life-threatening complication effectively.

While other complications such as severe dehydration, deep vein thrombosis, and hemorrhage could occur in various medical situations, they are not typically associated with the immediate risks of thoracentesis. Instead, the focus on pneumothorax emphasizes the specific concerns that arise from the procedure itself, highlighting the importance of careful monitoring and assessment following such interventions.