What is the first action a nurse should take when a patient is in respiratory distress?

In a situation where a patient is experiencing respiratory distress, assessing the airway and breathing status is the most critical initial step. This assessment allows the nurse to determine the severity of the respiratory distress, identify potential immediate threats such as airway obstruction, and evaluate the adequacy of the patient's breathing.

By assessing the patient's airway and breathing status first, the nurse can gather vital information about the patient's condition, which is essential for making informed decisions about subsequent interventions. If the airway is compromised or breathing is inadequate, immediate actions can be taken, such as positioning the patient appropriately, administering oxygen, or calling for emergency assistance if necessary.

Other actions, like notifying the physician or administering oxygen therapy, are essential components of managing respiratory distress. However, those actions should follow a thorough assessment to ensure the nurse provides the most appropriate care based on the patient's immediate needs. Positioning the patient in a semi-Fowler's position can also assist with breathing but is typically part of interventions that follow the initial assessment. Prioritizing the assessment ensures that the nurse is addressing the most pressing issues right away, which can be life-saving.