What medication class is commonly used to treat hypertension?

ACE inhibitors are a class of medications frequently utilized in the management of hypertension due to their ability to block the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which plays a critical role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This system is responsible for regulating blood pressure by constricting blood vessels and promoting the retention of sodium and water, both of which can elevate blood pressure. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors effectively lower blood pressure by promoting vasodilation and decreasing blood volume, thus facilitating easier blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart.

The effectiveness of ACE inhibitors in preventing complications associated with hypertension, such as heart failure and stroke, further solidifies their role in clinical practice. Additionally, they are particularly beneficial for patients with conditions like diabetes or chronic kidney disease, where kidney protection is an important consideration in hypertension management.

While beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics are also employed in treating hypertension, the unique mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors and their particular advantages in certain patient populations make them a foundational tool in hypertension therapy.