What vital sign change would most likely indicate an adverse effect following a kidney transplant?

An increase in blood pressure, or hypertension, is a vital sign change that can often indicate an adverse effect following a kidney transplant. After transplantation, the new kidney may have an increased blood flow and activity due to improved renal function or the effects of immunosuppressive medications. These medications, particularly corticosteroids and other agents used to prevent organ rejection, can contribute to fluid retention and an elevation in blood pressure.

Monitoring vital signs, including blood pressure, is crucial during the post-operative period. If hypertension is observed, it may signal several issues, such as fluid overload, rejection of the transplanted organ, or nephrotoxicity from medications, all of which require prompt assessment and intervention. This understanding helps healthcare providers to recognize potential complications early and manage them effectively.

In contrast, bradycardia, fever, and hypotension can relate to other post-operative conditions or complications but aren't as specifically indicative of adverse effects related to the kidney transplant itself. For example, bradycardia may be linked to other causes such as medication effects or vagal stimulation, while fever could signal infection or inflammation. Hypotension might arise from dehydration or surgical complications but does not directly reflect the functioning of the transplant in the same way hypertension does in this context.