Which dietary change is most commonly recommended for patients with hypertension?

Increasing potassium intake is a commonly recommended dietary change for patients with hypertension because potassium plays a crucial role in balancing sodium levels in the body. High sodium intake can lead to elevated blood pressure, and potassium helps to mitigate some of sodium's adverse effects by promoting its excretion through urine. Additionally, potassium has vasodilatory effects, which means it helps relax and widen blood vessels, further aiding in blood pressure regulation.

Foods rich in potassium include fruits such as bananas, oranges, and melons, as well as vegetables like potatoes, spinach, and beans. The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy, specifically encourages increased potassium intake as part of a comprehensive approach to lower blood pressure.

In contrast, the other dietary changes listed are not typically recommended for managing hypertension. Increased salt intake is counterproductive because sodium is known to elevate blood pressure. Increased carbohydrate or protein intake does not directly target the mechanisms involved in hypertension and does not have the same supportive role as potassium in managing blood pressure levels. Therefore, focusing on increasing potassium is a proven strategy in the dietary management of hypertension.