Which disease is characterized by a "butterfly rash" on the face?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well-known for its distinct "butterfly rash," which appears across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling the shape of a butterfly. This rash is a hallmark sign of the disease and arises due to the body's abnormal immune response, leading to inflammation and skin lesions.

In SLE, the immune system produces antibodies that mistakenly attack the body's own tissues, resulting in various symptoms, including skin manifestations. The butterfly rash typically develops or exacerbates with sun exposure, highlighting the photosensitivity often experienced by individuals with this condition.

While other diseases mentioned can involve skin lesions, such as psoriasis or dermatomyositis, they do not specifically present with the characteristic butterfly rash associated with SLE. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints and does not typically involve specific skin rashes. Thus, the recognition of the butterfly rash is crucial in diagnosing and managing systemic lupus erythematosus.